Pepper Shot is a 10% pepper spray rated at 2 million scoville heat units and made with a very fine grain that is more effective than the coarser grains of most other pepper sprays. Pepper Shot pepper spray is an inflammatory agent. In addition to causing an attacker pain, Pepper Shot induces coughing, choking, and nausea, swells the mucous membranes, which makes breathing difficult, and dilates the eye capilaries, causing the eyes to close. These effects last up to 45 minutes and cause no permanent damage. All sprays have locking actuators for extra safety. All Pepper Shot brand pepper sprays have an identifying dye. You will get approximately 6-10 one second bursts. The effective range is 6-8 feet for the 1/2 ounce sprays and 10-15 feet for the 2 ounce spray. Pepper Sprays can not be shipped to New York, Massachusetts, or Wisconsin.